Knee pain is a widespread issue that affects people of all ages and lifestyles. Whether you’re an athlete, a weekend warrior or someone who spends most of their time behind a desk, knee pain can strike unexpectedly and disrupt daily activities. Understanding the common causes behind this discomfort can empower individuals to seek appropriate treatment and preventive measures.
Here are the five most prevalent culprits behind knee pain:
Injuries: Ligament sprains, tears, and fractures are frequent causes of knee pain, often resulting from sports-related activities or sudden impacts. Ligament injuries, such as ACL or MCL tears, can lead to instability and discomfort. Similarly, meniscus tears, which affect the knee’s cartilage, can cause pain and swelling. Fractures, though less common, can occur due to severe trauma or falls, contributing to acute pain and limited mobility.
Osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the gradual breakdown of cartilage and bone in the knee joint. This wear-and-tear condition leads to bone-on-bone friction, causing pain, stiffness, and inflammation. Osteoarthritis is often more prevalent in older adults but can also affect younger individuals, particularly those with a history of joint injuries.
Overuse or Repetitive Strain: Repetitive movements, such as running, jumping, or squatting, can lead to overuse injuries like patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). PFPS, commonly known as runner’s knee, is characterized by pain around or behind the kneecap, often aggravated by activities that involve bending the knee. It occurs due to abnormal tracking of the kneecap, leading to increased pressure and irritation.
Muscle Imbalances or Weakness: Weakness or imbalances in the muscles surrounding the knee can disrupt its biomechanics and stability, contributing to pain and dysfunction. Inadequate strength in the quadriceps, hamstrings, or hip muscles can alter joint alignment and increase stress on the knee. Muscle imbalances may develop due to factors such as poor posture, improper training techniques, or previous injuries.
Medical Conditions or Diseases: Certain medical conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, or infections, can result in knee pain and inflammation. Rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disorder, leads to chronic joint inflammation and damage if left untreated. Additionally, conditions like patellar tendonitis or bursitis can cause localized pain and swelling in specific areas of the knee, affecting mobility and function.
Identifying the root cause of knee pain is essential for implementing effective treatment strategies and preventing further complications. Addressing knee pain promptly can improve quality of life and promote joint health in the long run. Consulting with a healthcare professional is advised for accurate diagnosis and personalized management plans tailored to your individual needs.
Dr. Jacob Fletcher is the owner and clinical director of Well Beings Integrative Medicine.
